Teaching Grammar by Joner Simarmata

Grammar is rules that deals with accuracy, meaningfulness, and appropriateness.
Three dimension of grammar:

1. Form : how ist it form; accuracy
2. Meaning : what does it mean ; meaningfulness
3. use : when/why is it used : appropriateness

Grammar works on three levels:

1. Subsential or morphological level
2. sentential or syntactic level
3. Suprasentential or discourse level

Pedagogical Grammar :

1. accuracy
2. meaningfulness
3. appropriateness

Linguistic grammar :  accuracy

Example:

President Jokowi called vice president JK yesterday  ----------- accuracy

President Abdurrahman Wahid called president Jokowi yesterday ------not meaningful

A student to teacher Sudaryono : , Hi, Yono, How are you doing? ----not appropriate

Approaches to teaching grammar:

1. Deductive Approach : starts with the presentation of a rule and is followed by examples in which the rules is applied. ex. teaching 'question formation'. Step 1 : teacher writes on the board the sentence: the president phoned the queen Step 2 : then, teachers erases the president and subtitutes someone. Someone phoned the queen. Then, teacher elicits the question: Who phoned the queen. Teacher writes the question and answer on the board. Teacher numbers the exchange 1: Someone phoned the queen. 1. Who phoned the queen? - the president. Step 3: :
   T. Explains the difference:
          S                    V               O
   Someone    phoned    the queen.
   Who        phoned     the queen?
                                S                           V                        O
   The president        phoned          someone
   The president       did phone      someone
    O                       V                     S                      V
                         Who                   did          the president     phone?

                    Step 4:  

                    T places four pictures of famous people (or writes the names) and connects them with arrow, and explains that the arrow represent phone                      calls

                                                               Jokowi

                                 SBY                                       Megawati

                                                 Satya Novanto

                    T. Asks a variety of questions:

Who phoned Jokowi? Who did Megawati phone?  Who did SBY phone?

                    T. Asks the students to continue. Then, T invites Ss to make new phone call network by changing names. For fun, T completes the activity                              by asking : Why did SBY call Jokowi?

      2. Inductive Approach  : Starts with the examples from which a rule is referred.